Iran a huge
market of + 80 million consumers. Iran's economy is a mixture
of central planning, state ownership of oil and other large enterprises,
village agriculture, and small-scale private trading and service ventures.
The Central
Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran is
responsible for developing and maintaining the Iranian rial, which serves as
the country's currency.
Tehran is the economic center of Iran, hosting 45% of the country's industries.
The
administration continues to follow the market reform plans.
Iran has developed a biotechnology,
nanotechnology, and pharmaceuticals industry.
Iran has leading manufacturing industries in the fields of car-manufacture and
transportation, construction materials, home appliances, food and agricultural
goods, armaments, pharmaceuticals, information technology, power and
petrochemicals in the Middle East.
According to
FAO, Iran has been a top five producer of the following agricultural products
in the world in 2012: apricots, cherries, sour cherries, cucumbers and
gherkins, dates, eggplants, figs, pistachios, quinces, walnuts, and
watermelons.
Over five million
tourists visited Iran in the fiscal year of 2014–2015, ending 21
March, four percent more year-on-year.
Alongside
the capital, the most popular tourist destinations are
Isfahan, Mashhad and Shiraz.
Iran has the second largest proved gas
reserves in the world after Russia, with 33.6 trillion cubic metres, and third largest natural gas production in
the world after Indonesia, and Russia. It
also ranks fourth in oil reserves with an estimated 153,600,000,000 barrels.
It is OPEC's 2nd largest oil exporter and is
an energy superpower.
Education in
Iran is highly centralized. The requirement to enter into higher education is
to have a high school diploma and pass the national university entrance
examination, Iranian University Entrance Exam (known as concour), which
is the equivalent of the US SAT exams.
Iran is the ninth country to put a domestically built satellite into orbit and the
sixth to send animals in space.
In the
biomedical sciences, Iran's Institute of Biochemistry and
Biophysics is a UNESCO chair in biology.
According to
a study by David Morrison and Ali Khadem Hosseini (Harvard-MIT and Cambridge), stem
cell research in Iran is amongst the top 10 in the world.
Iran placed
its domestically built satellite, Omid into orbit on the 30th
anniversary of the
Iran is the seventh country to produce uranium hexafluoride, and controls the
entire nuclear fuel cycle.
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